• Long-term studies of mesosphere and lower-thermosphere summer length definitions based on mean zonal wind features observed for more than one solar cycle at middle and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere 

      Jaen, Juliana; Renkwitz, Toralf; Chau, Jorge L.; He, Maosheng; Hoffmann, Peter; Yamazaki, Yosuke; Jacobi, Christoph; Tsutsumi, Masaki; Matthias, Vivien; Hall, Chris (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-20)
      Specular meteor radars (SMRs) and partial reflection radars (PRRs) have been observing mesospheric winds for more than a solar cycle over Germany (∼ 54◦ N) and northern Norway (∼ 69◦ N). This work investigates the mesospheric mean zonal wind and the zonal mean geostrophic zonal wind from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) over these two regions between 2004 and 2020. Our study focuses on the ...
    • Long-Term studies of the summer wind in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere at middle and high latitudes over Europe 

      Jaen, Juliana; Renkwitz, Toralf; Liu, Huixin; Jacobi, Christoph; Wing, Robin; KuchaÅ™, Aleš; Tsutsumi, Masaki; Gulbrandsen, Njål; Chau, Jorge L. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-01)
      Continuous wind measurements using partial-reflection radars and specular meteor radars have been carried out for nearly 2 decades (2004–2022) at middle and high latitudes over Germany (∼ 54<sup>∘</sup> N) and northern Norway (∼ 69<sup>∘</sup> N), respectively. They provide crucial data for understanding the long-term behavior of winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Our investigation ...
    • Multiple E-Region Radar Propagation Modes Measured by the VHF SIMONe Norway System During Active Ionospheric Conditions 

      Huyghebaert, Devin Ray; Clahsen, Matthias; Chau, Jorge L.; Renkwitz, Toralf; Latteck, Ralph; Johnsen, Magnar Gullikstad; Vierinen, Juha (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-10)
      Multiple propagation modes between different bistatic radar links were measured during the operations of a very high frequency (VHF) 32.55 MHz radar system in northern Norway. The Spread Spectrum Interferometric Multistatic meteor radar Observing Network (SIMONe) Norway system detected meteor trails, direct transmitter to receiver signal propagation, over-the-horizon signal propagation from the ...